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中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

尹锡悦正式就任韩国总统 他是否会按下“重启键”?******

  中新网北京5月10日电(张奥林)5月10日,尹锡悦正式就任韩国总统。由于与刚卸任的文在寅在政治理念上有明显差异,尹锡悦的就任,被外界形容为韩国国家战略的重启。

资料图:韩国总统尹锡悦。资料图:韩国总统尹锡悦。

  ——经济重启

  “大韩民国再次飞跃、共同过上美好生活”,这是韩国总统职务交接委员会公布的新政府国政愿景。委员会说,这一愿景反映了“时代使命”和“国民要求”。

  国政目标之下,交接委员会还列出了110项具体国政课题。其中,首要课题是帮助韩国的中小企业把销售额恢复到新冠疫情前的水平,以求恢复地区商圈的竞争力。

  外交学院战略与和平研究中心主任苏浩接受中新网采访时认为,经济政策方面,尹锡悦可能会更多地采取一种自由主义市场经济的管理模式,相对比较宽松。同时,他会从在疫情中遭受重大打击的中小企业入手,以刺激经济复苏。

  此外,“帮助青年人摆脱居住、就业、教育等困境”“成为科技超级强国”以及“建立创新金融系统”等也被列入主要课题。

    4月22日,韩国首尔市政府宣布位于首尔广场的临时核酸检测点终止运营,并于当日中午12时起开始拆除工作。中新社记者 刘旭 摄4月22日,韩国首尔市政府宣布位于首尔广场的临时核酸检测点终止运营,并于当日中午12时起开始拆除工作。中新社记者 刘旭 摄

  ——防疫政策重启

  重启经济,还需兼顾防疫政策的平衡。

  文在寅政府曾在新冠疫情初期进行严控,此后“与疫情共存”,之后又收紧防疫,种种措施褒贬参半。

  随着目前韩国总体疫情形势趋缓。苏浩认为,作为“政治素人”,尹锡悦在疫情防控方面缺乏相关经验,大选时也没有提出更多具体政策。总体来看,如果疫情反弹不是很严重的话,尹锡悦可能依然会采取相对宽松的防疫方式。

  但5月8日最新数据显示,韩国当日新增确诊超4万例,自3月底疫情现拐点以来,首次较一周前有所增加。虽然尚不能确定韩国疫情已经出现反弹,但有韩媒指出,这也为尹锡悦上台后的防疫政策拉响了警钟。

  宽松的抗疫措施是为了“重启经济”,但这可能会导致一个矛盾的情况——“防疫措施放宽后,疫情会扩散,反过来又会对经济造成阻碍”,苏浩表示,这可能是尹锡悦上台后会面临的一个重要挑战。

资料图:美韩军事演习。资料图:美韩军事演习。

  ——外交政策重启

  “作为保守政治家,尹锡悦上台后可能会进一步强化与美国在军事安全上的配合,政治安全上可能更多靠向美国。”苏浩指出。

  从选举开始,尹锡悦就不断在打“亲美”牌——如提出加强美日韩同盟,计划在未来加入五眼联盟和美日印澳“四方安全对话”机制(QUAD)。

  胜选后,尹锡悦派遣赴美的韩美政策协商代表团更表示,尹锡悦期望将韩美关系提升为更高水平的全面战略同盟。

  苏浩分析说,俄乌冲突的背景下,美国加大了对所谓印太盟国关系的强化,同时在积极准备“QUAD+”,而这个“+”的首选,就是韩国。目前的韩国,正朝着美国所引导的方向靠拢。

    资料图:韩国总统尹锡悦。资料图:韩国总统尹锡悦。

  “这将是一个战略性选择,也将是他上台后的最大挑战。”苏浩强调。

  对于目前仍处在低谷的韩日关系,苏浩认为,应美国的要求,韩日双方目前都在进行一些协调。尹锡悦上台后,可能会延续保守派的政治传统,进一步协调韩日关系,加上美国的牵引,两国关系可能会回暖。

  针对中韩关系,尹锡悦在胜选后表示,韩中加强合作,有利于两国实现各自发展、造福两国人民,也将为东北亚地区和平稳定作出贡献。韩方愿同中方密切高层交往,增进互信,促进民间友好,推动韩中关系向更高水平发展。

  中国外交部发言人赵立坚则表示,中韩两国是搬不走的邻居,也是相互离不开的重要伙伴。今年是中韩建交30周年,30年来中韩关系实现快速发展,给两国和两国人民带来了实实在在的利益,也为促进地区和平发展作出了积极贡献。中方愿同韩方共同努力,以建交30周年为契机,推动两国关系健康稳定发展,更好地造福两国人民。(完)

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